Outcomes in COVID-19 vitamin A studies
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Al-Sumiadai 86%
0.14 [0.03-0.61]
death
2/70
14/70
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Al-Sumiadai 67%
0.33 [0.07-1.57]
progression
2/50
6/50
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Early treatment 79%
0.21 [0.07-0.61]
4/120
20/120
79% improvement Sarohan -282%
3.83 [1.58-9.24]
death
9/10
4/17
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Late treatment -282%
3.83 [1.58-9.24]
9/10
4/17
-282% improvement Al-Sumiadai 64%
0.36 [0.23-0.54]
cases
20/97
65/112
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Holt 56%
0.44 [0.06-2.96]
cases
1/91
445/15,136
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Prophylaxis 64%
0.36 [0.24-0.54]
21/188
510/15,248
64% improvement Tomasa-Irriguible 71%
0.29 [0.10-0.67]
ventilation
4/34
48/86
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tepasse 70%
0.30 [0.07-0.97]
death
4/29
5/11
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Sufficiency 71%
0.29 [0.14-0.60]
8/63
53/97
71% improvement All studies 55%
0.45 [0.20-1.02]
42/381
587/15,482
55% improvement 7 vitamin A COVID-19 studies c19early.com/va Dec 5, 2021
Tau​2 ​ = 0.88; I​2 ​ = 78.4%; Z = 1.91
Effect extraction pre-specified
Favors vitamin A
Favors control
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Al-Sumiadai 67%
0.33 [0.07-1.57]
progression
2/50
6/50
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Early treatment 67%
0.33 [0.07-1.57]
2/50
6/50
67% improvement Al-Sumiadai 64%
0.36 [0.23-0.54]
cases
20/97
65/112
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Prophylaxis 64%
0.36 [0.23-0.54]
20/97
65/112
64% improvement Tomasa-Irriguible 71%
0.29 [0.10-0.67]
ventilation
4/34
48/86
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tepasse 70%
0.30 [0.07-0.97]
death
4/29
5/11
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Sufficiency 71%
0.29 [0.14-0.60]
8/63
53/97
71% improvement All studies 66%
0.34 [0.24-0.48]
30/210
124/259
66% improvement 4 vitamin A COVID-19 studies after exclusions c19early.com/va Dec 5, 2021
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%; Z = 6.01
Effect extraction pre-specified
Favors vitamin A
Favors control
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Al-Sumiadai 86%
0.14 [0.03-0.61]
2/70
14/70
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Early treatment 86%
0.14 [0.03-0.61]
2/70
14/70
86% improvement Sarohan -282%
3.83 [1.58-9.24]
9/10
4/17
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Late treatment -282%
3.83 [1.58-9.24]
9/10
4/17
-282% improvement Tepasse 70%
0.30 [0.07-0.97]
4/29
5/11
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Sufficiency 70%
0.30 [0.07-0.97]
4/29
5/11
70% improvement All studies 42%
0.58 [0.07-4.59]
15/109
23/98
42% improvement 3 vitamin A COVID-19 mortality results c19early.com/va Dec 5, 2021
Tau​2 ​ = 2.99; I​2 ​ = 90.1%; Z = 0.52
Favors vitamin A
Favors control
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Tomasa-Irriguible 71%
0.29 [0.10-0.67]
4/34
48/86
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Sufficiency 71%
0.29 [0.10-0.67]
4/34
48/86
71% improvement All studies 71%
0.29 [0.11-0.73]
4/34
48/86
71% improvement 1 vitamin A COVID-19 mechanical ventilation result c19early.com/va Dec 5, 2021
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%; Z = 2.61
Favors vitamin A
Favors control
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Tomasa-Irriguible 61%
0.39 [0.15-0.80]
6/34
54/86
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Sufficiency 61%
0.39 [0.15-0.80]
6/34
54/86
61% improvement All studies 61%
0.39 [0.18-0.81]
6/34
54/86
61% improvement 1 vitamin A COVID-19 ICU result c19early.com/va Dec 5, 2021
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%; Z = 2.50
Favors vitamin A
Favors control
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Al-Sumiadai 86%
0.14 [0.03-0.61]
death
2/70
14/70
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Al-Sumiadai 67%
0.33 [0.07-1.57]
progression
2/50
6/50
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Early treatment 79%
0.21 [0.07-0.61]
4/120
20/120
79% improvement Sarohan -282%
3.83 [1.58-9.24]
death
9/10
4/17
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Late treatment -282%
3.83 [1.58-9.24]
9/10
4/17
-282% improvement Tomasa-Irriguible 71%
0.29 [0.10-0.67]
ventilation
4/34
48/86
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tepasse 70%
0.30 [0.07-0.97]
death
4/29
5/11
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Sufficiency 71%
0.29 [0.14-0.60]
8/63
53/97
71% improvement All studies 54%
0.46 [0.13-1.65]
21/193
77/234
54% improvement 5 vitamin A COVID-19 serious outcomes c19early.com/va Dec 5, 2021
Tau​2 ​ = 1.75; I​2 ​ = 84.1%; Z = 1.19
Effect extraction pre-specified
Favors vitamin A
Favors control
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Al-Sumiadai 64%
0.36 [0.23-0.54]
20/97
65/112
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Holt 56%
0.44 [0.06-2.96]
1/91
445/15,136
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Prophylaxis 64%
0.36 [0.24-0.54]
21/188
510/15,248
64% improvement All studies 64%
0.36 [0.24-0.54]
21/188
510/15,248
64% improvement 2 vitamin A COVID-19 case results c19early.com/va Dec 5, 2021
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%; Z = 4.88
Favors vitamin A
Favors control
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Al-Sumiadai 86%
0.14 [0.03-0.61]
death
2/70
14/70
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Early treatment 86%
0.14 [0.03-0.61]
2/70
14/70
86% improvement Tomasa-Irriguible 71%
0.29 [0.10-0.67]
ventilation
4/34
48/86
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Tepasse 70%
0.30 [0.07-0.97]
death
4/29
5/11
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%
Sufficiency 71%
0.29 [0.14-0.60]
8/63
53/97
71% improvement All studies 75%
0.25 [0.13-0.48]
10/133
67/167
75% improvement 3 vitamin A COVID-19 peer reviewed trials c19early.com/va Dec 5, 2021
Tau​2 ​ = 0.00; I​2 ​ = 0.0%; Z = 4.17
Effect extraction pre-specified
Favors vitamin A
Favors control
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2+
Al-Sumiadai 86%
0.14 [0.03-0.61]
death
2/70
14/70
Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Al-Sumiadai 67%
0.33 [0.07-1.57]
progression
2/50
6/50
Sarohan -282%
3.83 [1.58-9.24]
death
9/10
4/17
Al-Sumiadai 64%
0.36 [0.23-0.54]
cases
20/97
65/112
Holt 56%
0.44 [0.06-2.96]
cases
1/91
445/15,136
Tomasa-Irriguible 71%
0.29 [0.10-0.67]
ventilation
4/34
48/86
Tomasa-Irriguible 61%
0.39 [0.15-0.80]
ICU
6/34
54/86
Tepasse 70%
0.30 [0.07-0.97]
death
4/29
5/11
Tepasse 45%
0.55 [0.16-1.00]
progression
13/29
9/11
vitamin A COVID-19 outcomes c19early.com/va Dec 5, 2021
Favors vitamin A
Favors control
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments.
Vaccines and treatments are both extremely valuable and complementary. All
practical, effective, and safe means should be used. Elimination of COVID-19
is a race against viral evolution. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention is
100% available and effective for all current and future variants. Denying the
efficacy of any method increases the risk of COVID-19 becoming endemic; and
increases mortality, morbidity, and collateral damage. We do not provide
medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician
who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based
on your medical history and situation. Treatment protocols for physicians are
available from the FLCCC .
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