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Sleep for COVID-19
15 studies from 146 scientists
429,001 patients in 7 countries
Statistically significant lower risk for mortality, hospitalization, and cases.
12 studies from 12 independent teams in 5 countries show statistically significant improvements.
COVID-19 Sleep studies. Mar 2024. c19early.org
0 0.5 1 1.5+ All studies 30% Mortality 27% Hospitalization 25% Cases 14% Favorsgood sleep Favorscontrol
Studies analyze sleep quality before infection, and use different definitions of sleep quality. Recent:
Wang.
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Mar 18
Covid Analysis Sleep for COVID-19: real-time meta analysis of 15 studies
Statistically significant lower risk is seen for mortality, hospitalization, and cases. 12 studies from 12 independent teams in 5 countries show statistically significant improvements. Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported..
Jan 31
Wang et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2024.01.30.24302040 Healthy lifestyle for the prevention of post-COVID-19 multisystem sequelae, hospitalization, and death: a prospective cohort study
19% lower mortality (p=0.0008), 15% lower hospitalization (p<0.0001), and 23% lower PASC (p<0.0001). Prospective study of 68,896 UK Biobank participants with COVID-19 showing adherence to a healthy lifestyle prior to infection, characterized by 10 factors including adequate physical activity and sleep, not smoking, and a healthy BMI, was..
Nov 9
2023
Pavlidou et al., Diseases, doi:10.3390/diseases11040165 Association of COVID-19 Infection with Sociodemographic, Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Older Adults’ Population Aged over 65 Years Old
40% fewer cases (p=0.01). Retrospective 5,197 Greek adults over 65. After adjustment for confounders, COVID-19 infection was independently associated with poor sleep, low physical activity, low Mediterranean diet adherence, living in urban areas, smoking, obesity,..
Aug 14
2023
Araujo et al., Jornal de Pediatria, doi:10.1016/j.jped.2023.07.006 Lifestyle and quality of life in children and adolescents during the covid-19 social distancing period
Cross-sectional analysis of 2,574 families in Brazil, showing that pandemic social distancing caused negative changes in exercise, diet, and sleep for children.
Jul 15
2023
Graydon et al., Current Research in Immunology, doi:10.1016/j.crimmu.2023.100064 High baseline frequencies of natural killer cells are associated with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection
Analysis of 88 COVID+ patients in the USA showing that a higher frequency of natural killer (NK) cells was associated with asymptomatic infection. Improved NK cell numbers and functioning has been shown for exercise [Oh], better sleep [Ir..
Jun 7
2023
Stavrinos et al., Journal of Pediatric Nursing, doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2023.06.003 COVID-19 effects on diet, sleep, and physical activity among mid- to late-adolescents residing in the deep south in the United States
Prospective study tracking sleep, diet, and physical activity for adolescents in the USA before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, showing negative health effects of the pandemic / restrictions.
May 30
2023
Wang et al., JAMA Network Open, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15885 Multidimensional Sleep Health Prior to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Risk of Post–COVID-19 Condition
36% lower PASC (p=0.0004). Retrospective 1,979 nurses in the USA, showing lower risk of long COVID with better sleep quality.
Apr 12
2023
Jääskeläinen et al., Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, doi:10.1177/14034948231163960 Poor health status before the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with unfavourable changes in health-related lifestyle
Analysis of 3,834 adults in Finland, showing that people with poor health status were more likely to have unfavorable lifestyle changes during the pandemic, including decreased vegetable consumption, decreased leisure-time physical activi..
Feb 6
2023
Wang et al., JAMA Internal Medicine, doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.6555 Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Prior to Infection and Risk of Post–COVID-19 Condition
17% lower PASC (p=0.008). Prospective analysis of 32,249 women, showing lower risk of PASC with a healthy lifestyle, in a dose-dependent manner. Participants with 5 or 6 healthy lifestyle factors had significantly lower COVID-19 hospitalization and PASC. BMI and s..
Oct 24
2022
Pływaczewska-Jakubowska et al., Frontiers in Medicine, doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.1036556 Lifestyle, course of COVID-19, and risk of Long-COVID in non-hospitalized patients
17% fewer moderate/severe cases (p=0.06) and 7% lower PASC (p=0.51). Retrospective 1,847 COVID+ patients in Poland, showing lower moderate/severe cases with improved sleep, without statistical significance. Hospitalized patients were excluded.
Jul 21
2022
Jones et al., Sleep Medicine, doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.369 Public health impact of poor sleep on COVID-19, influenza and upper respiratory infections
39% lower mortality (p=0.001), 32% lower hospitalization (p<0.0001), and 7% fewer cases (p=0.04). FinnGen Mendelian randomization study showing higher risk of COVID-19 mortality, hospitalization, and infection with insomnia.
Apr 13
2022
Paul et al., medRxiv, doi:10.1101/2022.04.12.22273792 Health behaviours the month prior to COVID-19 infection and the development of self-reported long COVID and specific long COVID symptoms: A longitudinal analysis of 1,811 UK adults
67% lower PASC (p<0.0001). Retrospective 1,811 COVID-19 patients in the UK, showing lower risk of self-reported long COVID with good sleep quality in the month before infection.
Mar 22
2021
Kim et al., BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000228 COVID-19 illness in relation to sleep and burnout
17% fewer moderate/severe cases (p=0.03) and 11% fewer cases (p=0.003). Retrospective 2,884 high-risk healthcare workers in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, and the USA, showing shorter sleep duration associated with increased risk of COVID-19 cases and severity.
Nov 30
2021
Huang et al., Nature and Science of Sleep, doi:10.2147/NSS.S263488 Reduced Sleep in the Week Prior to Diagnosis of COVID-19 is Associated with the Severity of COVID-19
81% lower severe cases (p=0.02). Retrospective 164 COVID-19 patients and 188 controls in China, showing the risk of severe cases associated with lack of sleep.
Sep 30
2021
Mohsin et al., Infection and Drug Resistance, doi:10.2147/IDR.S331470 Lifestyle and Comorbidity-Related Risk Factors of Severe and Critical COVID-19 Infection: A Comparative Study Among Survived COVID-19 Patients in Bangladesh
38% lower severe cases (p<0.0001). Retrospective 1,500 COVID+ patients in Bangladesh, showing lower risk of severe cases with good sleep.
Aug 31
2021
Ahmadi et al., Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.04.022 Lifestyle risk factors and infectious disease mortality, including COVID-19, among middle aged and older adults: Evidence from a community-based cohort study in the United Kingdom
3% lower mortality (p=0.91). Retrospective 468,569 adults in the UK, showing no significant difference in COVID-19 mortality based on sleep quality.
Jun 18
2021
Li et al., Sleep, doi:10.1093/sleep/zsab138 Poor sleep behavior burden and risk of COVID-19 mortality and hospitalization
43% lower mortality (p=0.02) and 36% lower hospitalization (p=0.008). UK Biobank retrospective, 46,535 participants with sleep behavior assessed between 2006 and 2010, showing higher risk of hospitalization and mortality with poor sleep.
Jun 17
2021
Marcus et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0253120 Predictors of incident viral symptoms ascertained in the era of COVID-19
16% fewer symptomatic cases (p=0.0007). Prospective survey based study with 14,335 participants, showing risk of viral symptoms associated with shorter sleep duration.
May 14
2021
Zhang et al., EXCLI Journal; 20:Doc894; ISSN 1611-2156, doi:10.17179/excli2021-3451 Association of sleep quality before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection with clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in China
19% lower severe cases (p=0.0009). Prospective study of 205 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China, showing higher risk of severe cases with poor sleep quality.
Mar 30
2021
Holt et al., Thorax, doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217487 Risk factors for developing COVID-19: a population-based longitudinal study (COVIDENCE UK)
12% fewer cases (p=0.5). Prospective survey-based study with 15,227 people in the UK, showing reduced risk of COVID-19 cases with 8 hours sleep, with statistical significance when compared with ≥9 hours. NCT04330599. COVIDENCE UK.
Dec 31
2020
Wang et al., Sleep Medicine: X, doi:10.1016/j.sleepx.2020.100028 Risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers: a retrospective study of a nosocomial outbreak
66% fewer cases (p<0.0001). Retrospective 118 healthcare workers in China, showing higher risk of COVID-19 with poor sleep quality.
Nov 30
2020
Larenas-Linnemann et al., World Allergy Organization Journal, doi:10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100476 Enhancing innate immunity against virus in times of COVID-19: Trying to untangle facts from fictions
Review of various interventions that may enhance innate immunity against respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2. The interventions are divided into lifestyle factors (exercise, forest walking, sleep, vitamins/supplements), non-specific immun..
Nov 5
2020
Gao et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0241540 The impact of individual lifestyle and status on the acquisition of COVID-19: A case—Control study
36% fewer cases (p=0.04). Case control study in China with 105 cases and 210 matched controls, showing COVID-19 cases associated with lack of sleep.
Oct 21
2020
Cloosterman et al., Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2020.10.009 Running behavior and symptoms of respiratory tract infection during the COVID-19 pandemic
32% fewer symptomatic cases (p=0.09). Analysis of 2,586 participants of a running injury prevention RCT in the Netherlands, showing higher risk of COVID-19 symptoms with sleep disturbance.
Apr 30
1996
Irwin et al., The FASEB Journal, doi:10.1096/fasebj.10.5.8621064 Partial night sleep deprivation reduces natural killer and celhdar immune responses in humans
Analysis of 42 volunteers showing that partial sleep deprivation reduces natural killer (NK) and cellular immune response. showed that a lower frequency of natural killer cells was associated with symptomatic COVID-19 infection.
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Vaccines and treatments are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
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