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All Studies   Meta Analysis    Recent:   
0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ SHOKS-COVID score 11% Improvement Relative Risk PCR+ on day 10 or hospita.. 39% Hospitalization time 8% Viral clearance 87% Bromhexine  Mareev et al.  LATE TREATMENT  RCT Is late treatment with bromhexine + spironolactone beneficial for COVID-19? RCT 66 patients in Russia Improved recovery (p=0.47) and viral clearance (p=0.077), not sig. c19early.org Mareev et al., Кардиология, December 2020 Favors bromhexine Favors control

Results of Open-Label non-Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial: “BromhexIne and Spironolactone for CoronаvirUs Infection requiring hospiTalization (BISCUIT)

Mareev et al., Кардиология, doi:10.18087/cardio.2020.11.n1440, NCT04424134
Dec 2020  
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Prospective 103 PCR+ patients in Russia, 33 treated with bromexhine+spironolactone, showing lower PCR+ at day 10 or hospitalization >10 days with treatment. Bromhexine 8mg 4 times daily, spironolactone 25-50 mg/day for 10 days.
Bromhexine efficacy may vary depending on the degree of TMPRSS-dependent fusion for different variants Peacock, Willett.
Study covers bromhexine and spironolactone.
relative SHOKS-COVID score, 11.3% better, RR 0.89, p = 0.47, treatment mean 2.12 (±1.39) n=33, control mean 2.39 (±1.59) n=33.
risk of PCR+ on day 10 or hospitalization >10 days, 38.8% lower, RR 0.61, p = 0.02, treatment 14 of 24 (58.3%), control 20 of 21 (95.2%), NNT 2.7, odds ratio converted to relative risk.
hospitalization time, 8.2% lower, relative time 0.92, p = 0.35, treatment 33, control 33.
risk of no viral clearance, 87.4% lower, RR 0.13, p = 0.08, treatment 0 of 17 (0.0%), control 3 of 13 (23.1%), NNT 4.3, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm), day 10.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Mareev et al., 3 Dec 2020, Randomized Controlled Trial, Russia, peer-reviewed, 20 authors, this trial uses multiple treatments in the treatment arm (combined with spironolactone) - results of individual treatments may vary, trial NCT04424134 (history).
This PaperBromhexineAll
Abstract: § EDITORIAL ARTICLES Mareev V. Yu.1,2, Orlova Ya.A.1,2, Plisyk A.G.1,2, Pavlikova E.P.1,2, Matskeplishvili S.Т.1, Akopyan Z.A.1,2, Seredenina E. M.1,2, Potapenko A. V.1,2, Agapov M.A.1,2, Asratyan D.A.1, Dyachuk L.I.1,2, Samokhodskaya L. M.1,2, Mershina Е. А.1,2, Sinitsyn V. E.1,2, Pakhomov P. V.2, Bulanova M.M.2, Fuks A.A.2, Mareev Yu.V.3,4, Begrambekova Yu. L.1,2, Kamalov А. А.1,2 Medical Research and Educational Center of the M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia 3 National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine Moscow, Russia 4 Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Glasgow, Great Britain 1 2 Results of Open-Label non-Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial: “BromhexIne and Spironolactone for CoronаvirUs Infection requiring hospiTalization (BISCUIT)
Late treatment
is less effective
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