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All Studies   Meta Analysis    Recent:   
0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Mortality 66% Improvement Relative Risk Hospitalization 29% ARDS 68% Metformin for COVID-19  Ghany et al.  Prophylaxis Is prophylaxis with metformin beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 1,139 patients in the USA Lower mortality (p=0.00021) and hospitalization (p=0.0076) c19early.org Ghany et al., Diabetes & Metabolic Syn.., Mar 2021 Favors metformin Favors control

Metformin is associated with lower hospitalizations, mortality and severe coronavirus infection among elderly medicare minority patients in 8 states in USA

Ghany et al., Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2021.02.022
Mar 2021  
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Metformin for COVID-19
3rd treatment shown to reduce risk in July 2020
 
*, now known with p < 0.00000000001 from 87 studies.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine complementary and synergistic treatments. * >10% efficacy in meta analysis with ≥3 clinical studies.
3,900+ studies for 60+ treatments. c19early.org
Retrospective 1,139 elderly COVID+ patients in the USA, 392 with pre-existing metformin use, showing significantly lower mortality, hospitalization, and ARDS with treatment.
risk of death, 66.0% lower, HR 0.34, p < 0.001, treatment 392, control 747, adjusted per study, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards.
risk of hospitalization, 29.0% lower, HR 0.71, p = 0.008, treatment 392, control 747, adjusted per study, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards.
risk of ARDS, 68.0% lower, HR 0.32, p < 0.001, treatment 392, control 747, adjusted per study, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Ghany et al., 31 Mar 2021, retrospective, USA, peer-reviewed, 8 authors.
This PaperMetforminAll
Metformin is associated with lower hospitalizations, mortality and severe coronavirus infection among elderly medicare minority patients in 8 states in USA
Reyan Ghany, Ana Palacio, Elissa Dawkins, Gordon Chen, Daniel Mccarter, Emancia Forbes, Brian Chung, Leonardo Tamariz
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2021.02.022
Background and aims: Metformin has antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects and several cohort studies have shown that metformin lower mortality in the COVID population in a majority white population. There is no data documenting the effect of metformin taken as an outpatient on COVID-19 related hospitalizations. Our aim was to evaluate if metformin decreases hospitalization and severe COVID-19 among minority Medicare patients who acquired the SARS-CoV2 virus. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including elderly minority Medicare COVID-19 patients across eight states. We collected data from the inpatient and outpatient electronic health records, demographic data, as well as clinical and echocardiographic data. We classified those using metformin as those patients who had a pharmacy claim for metformin and non-metformin users as those who were diabetics and did not use metformin as well as non-diabetic patients. Our primary outcome was hospitalization. Our secondary outcomes were mortality and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Results: We identified 1139 COVID-19 positive patients of whom 392 were metformin users. Metformin users had a higher comorbidity score than non-metformin users (p < 0.01). The adjusted relative hazard (RH) of those hospitalized for metformin users was 0.71; 95% CI 0.52e0.86. The RH of death for metformin users was 0.34; 95% CI 0.19e0.59. The RH of ARDS for metformin users was 0.32; 95% CI 0.22 e0.45. Metformin users on 1000 mg daily had lower mortality, but similar hospitalization and ARDS rates when compared to those on 500e850 mg of metformin daily. Conclusions: Metformin is associated with lower hospitalization, mortality and ARDS among a minority COVID-19 population. Future randomized trials should confirm this finding and evaluate for a causative effect of the drug preventing disease.
Disclosures No conflicts of interest. Credit author statement Conceptualization: Ghany
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