|
|
|
|
|
|
Early, Late, PrEP, PEP |
Covid Analysis (Preprint) (meta analysis) |
meta-analysis |
Diet for COVID-19: real-time meta analysis of 7 studies |
Details
• Statistically significant improvement is seen for cases. 5 studies from 5 independent teams in 3 different countries show statistically significant improvements in isolation. • Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported shows.. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Early, Late, PrEP, PEP
Early, Late, PrEP, PEP
|
Diet for COVID-19: real-time meta analysis of 7 studies |
Covid Analysis (Preprint) (meta analysis) |
• Statistically significant improvement is seen for cases. 5 studies from 5 independent teams in 3 different countries show statistically significant improvements in isolation.• Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported shows 54% [27‑71%] improvement. Results are similar after exclusions. • Studies analyze diet quality before infection, and use different definitions of diet quality. • No treatment, vaccine, or intervention is 100% available and effective for all variants. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used. Denying the efficacy of treatments increases mortality, morbidity, collateral damage, and endemic risk.• All data to reproduce this paper and sources are in the appendix.
Covid Analysis et al., 5/20/2022, preprint, 1 author.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
Late |
Bodolea et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu14102105 |
Nutritional Risk Assessment Scores Effectively Predict Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Severe COVID-19 |
Details
Retrospective 90 severe COVID-19 ARDS patients in Romania, showing nutritional risk assessment scores PNI, CONUT, NUTRIC, and mNUTRIC to be independent predictors of mortality. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Late treatment study
Late treatment study
|
Nutritional Risk Assessment Scores Effectively Predict Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Severe COVID-19 |
Bodolea et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu14102105 |
Retrospective 90 severe COVID-19 ARDS patients in Romania, showing nutritional risk assessment scores PNI, CONUT, NUTRIC, and mNUTRIC to be independent predictors of mortality.
Bodolea et al., 5/18/2022, retrospective, Romania, Europe, peer-reviewed, survey, median age 67.0, 8 authors, study period December 2020 - March 2021.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
Pimenta et al., European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.304 |
Cardiovascular risk factor insights into the Tesco 1.0 Dataset |
Details
Tesco grocery purchase retrospective, showing COVID-19 mortality correlated with myocardial infarction mortality risk factors. Salt, percentage of fat and oils, and total weight increased risk, while fiber was protective. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
Cardiovascular risk factor insights into the Tesco 1.0 Dataset |
Pimenta et al., European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.304 |
Tesco grocery purchase retrospective, showing COVID-19 mortality correlated with myocardial infarction mortality risk factors. Salt, percentage of fat and oils, and total weight increased risk, while fiber was protective.
Pimenta et al., 5/11/2022, United Kingdom, Europe, peer-reviewed, 2 authors.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
Review |
Kahleova et al., American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, doi:10.1177/15598276221097621 (Review) |
review |
The Role of Nutrition in COVID-19: Taking a Lesson from the 1918 H1N1 Pandemic |
Details
Review of evidence suggesting that a healthy diet reduces risk for COVID-19. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Review
Review
|
The Role of Nutrition in COVID-19: Taking a Lesson from the 1918 H1N1 Pandemic |
Kahleova et al., American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, doi:10.1177/15598276221097621 (Review) |
Review of evidence suggesting that a healthy diet reduces risk for COVID-19.
Kahleova et al., 5/2/2022, peer-reviewed, 2 authors.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
Perez-Araluce et al., Frontiers in Nutrition, doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.805533 |
severe case, ↓77.9%, p=0.15 |
Components of the Mediterranean Diet and Risk of COVID-19 |
Details
Retrospective 5,194 participants in Spain with 382 COVID-19 cases, showing lower risk of COVID-19 with high adherence to a Mediterranean diet, with statistical significance only when excluding healthcare professionals. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
Components of the Mediterranean Diet and Risk of COVID-19 |
Perez-Araluce et al., Frontiers in Nutrition, doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.805533 |
Retrospective 5,194 participants in Spain with 382 COVID-19 cases, showing lower risk of COVID-19 with high adherence to a Mediterranean diet, with statistical significance only when excluding healthcare professionals.
risk of severe case, 77.9% lower, RR 0.22, p = 0.15, higher quality diet 1 of 1,103 (0.1%), lower quality diet 10 of 3,300 (0.3%), NNT 471, OR converted to RR, high vs. low adherence.
|
risk of symptomatic case, 15.1% lower, RR 0.85, p = 0.31, higher quality diet 52 of 1,103 (4.7%), lower quality diet 214 of 3,300 (6.5%), OR converted to RR, high vs. low adherence.
|
risk of case, 19.7% lower, RR 0.80, p = 0.14, higher quality diet 58 of 1,103 (5.3%), lower quality diet 248 of 3,300 (7.5%), OR converted to RR, high vs. low adherence.
|
Perez-Araluce et al., 1/24/2022, retrospective, Spain, Europe, peer-reviewed, survey, 4 authors, study period March 2020 - December 2020.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
Magaña et al., Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.606 |
death, ↓53.0%, p=0.049 |
Influence of mediterranean diet on survival from covid-19 disease |
Details
Retrospective 89 COVID-19 patients in Spain, showing lower mortality with adherence to the Mediterranean diet. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
Influence of mediterranean diet on survival from covid-19 disease |
Magaña et al., Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.606 |
Retrospective 89 COVID-19 patients in Spain, showing lower mortality with adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
risk of death, 53.0% lower, HR 0.47, p = 0.049, higher quality diet 58, lower quality diet 31.
|
Excluded in after exclusion results of meta analysis:
unadjusted results with no group details.
Magaña et al., 12/31/2021, retrospective, Spain, Europe, peer-reviewed, 6 authors.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
Nguyen et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu13093258 |
symp. case, ↓15.2%, p=0.006 |
Single and Combinative Impacts of Healthy Eating Behavior and Physical Activity on COVID-19-like Symptoms among Outpatients: A Multi-Hospital and Health Center Survey |
Details
Analysis of 3,947 participants in Vietnam, showing significantly lower risk of COVID-19-like symptoms with physical activity and with a healthy diet. The combination of being physically active and eating healthy reduced risk further compa.. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
Single and Combinative Impacts of Healthy Eating Behavior and Physical Activity on COVID-19-like Symptoms among Outpatients: A Multi-Hospital and Health Center Survey |
Nguyen et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu13093258 |
Analysis of 3,947 participants in Vietnam, showing significantly lower risk of COVID-19-like symptoms with physical activity and with a healthy diet. The combination of being physically active and eating healthy reduced risk further compared to either alone. The analyzed period was Feb 14 to Mar 2, 2020, which may have been before testing was widely available.
risk of symptomatic case, 15.2% lower, RR 0.85, p = 0.006, higher quality diet 345 of 1,054 (32.7%), lower quality diet 433 of 1,082 (40.0%), NNT 14, adjusted, OR converted to RR, high vs. low HES, COVID-19-like symptoms, multivariable.
|
risk of symptomatic case, 42.0% lower, OR 0.58, p < 0.001, adjusted, high HES and physically active, COVID-19-like symptoms, multivariable, RR approximated with OR.
|
Nguyen et al., 9/18/2021, retrospective, Vietnam, South Asia, peer-reviewed, survey, 17 authors, study period 14 February, 2020 - 2 March, 2020.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
Ahmadi et al., Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.04.022 |
death, ↑3.0%, p=0.85 |
Lifestyle risk factors and infectious disease mortality, including COVID-19, among middle aged and older adults: Evidence from a community-based cohort study in the United Kingdom |
Details
Retrospective 468,569 adults in the UK, showing significantly lower COVID-19 mortality with physical activity. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
Lifestyle risk factors and infectious disease mortality, including COVID-19, among middle aged and older adults: Evidence from a community-based cohort study in the United Kingdom |
Ahmadi et al., Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.04.022 |
Retrospective 468,569 adults in the UK, showing significantly lower COVID-19 mortality with physical activity.
risk of death, 3.0% higher, RR 1.03, p = 0.85, adjusted, good vs. poor, model 2, multivariable.
|
Ahmadi et al., 8/31/2021, retrospective, United Kingdom, Europe, peer-reviewed, 5 authors.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
Moludi et al., British Journal of Nutrition, doi:10.1017/S0007114521003214 |
cases, ↓91.6%, p<0.0001 |
The relationship between Dietary Inflammatory Index and disease severity and inflammatory status: a case–control study of COVID-19 patients |
Details
Retrospective 60 COVID-19 hospitalized patients and 60 controls in Iran, showing pro-inflammatory diets associated with COVID-19 cases and severity. IR.KUMS.REC.1399·444, IR.TBZMED.REC.1399·225. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
The relationship between Dietary Inflammatory Index and disease severity and inflammatory status: a case–control study of COVID-19 patients |
Moludi et al., British Journal of Nutrition, doi:10.1017/S0007114521003214 |
Retrospective 60 COVID-19 hospitalized patients and 60 controls in Iran, showing pro-inflammatory diets associated with COVID-19 cases and severity. IR.KUMS.REC.1399·444, IR.TBZMED.REC.1399·225.
risk of case, 91.6% lower, OR 0.08, p < 0.001, case control OR, model 3, E-DII tertile 1 vs. tertile 3.
|
Moludi et al., 8/23/2021, retrospective, Iran, Middle East, peer-reviewed, 7 authors, study period June 2020 - July 2020.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
El Khoury et al., Frontiers in Nutrition, doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.707359 |
Inverse Association Between the Mediterranean Diet and COVID-19 Risk in Lebanon: A Case-Control Study |
Details
Retrospective 399 people in Lebanon, showing a significant inverse association between the MedDiet score, corresponding to the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and the risk of COVID-19. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
Inverse Association Between the Mediterranean Diet and COVID-19 Risk in Lebanon: A Case-Control Study |
El Khoury et al., Frontiers in Nutrition, doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.707359 |
Retrospective 399 people in Lebanon, showing a significant inverse association between the MedDiet score, corresponding to the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and the risk of COVID-19.
El Khoury et al., 7/30/2021, retrospective, Lebanon, Middle East, peer-reviewed, 2 authors.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
Early |
Rabail et al., Food Science & Nutrition, doi:10.1002/fsn3.2458 |
Nutritional and lifestyle changes required for minimizing the recovery period in home quarantined COVID-19 patients of Punjab, Pakistan |
Details
Survey of 80 recovered COVID-19 patients in Pakistan, showing faster recovery with improved nutrition. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Early treatment study
Early treatment study
|
Nutritional and lifestyle changes required for minimizing the recovery period in home quarantined COVID-19 patients of Punjab, Pakistan |
Rabail et al., Food Science & Nutrition, doi:10.1002/fsn3.2458 |
Survey of 80 recovered COVID-19 patients in Pakistan, showing faster recovery with improved nutrition.
Rabail et al., 7/9/2021, Pakistan, South Asia, peer-reviewed, survey, 11 authors, study period November 2020 - February 2021.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
Merino et al., Gut, doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325353 (preprint 6/25/2021) |
severe case, ↓41.0%, p<0.0001 |
Diet quality and risk and severity of COVID-19: a prospective cohort study |
Details
Retrospective 592,571 participants in the UK and USA with 31,815 COVID-19 cases, showing lower risk or COVID-19 cases and severity for higher healthful plant-based diet scores. Notably, the assocation was less evident with higher levels o.. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
Diet quality and risk and severity of COVID-19: a prospective cohort study |
Merino et al., Gut, doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325353 (preprint 6/25/2021) |
Retrospective 592,571 participants in the UK and USA with 31,815 COVID-19 cases, showing lower risk or COVID-19 cases and severity for higher healthful plant-based diet scores. Notably, the assocation was less evident with higher levels of physical activity.
risk of severe case, 41.0% lower, HR 0.59, p < 0.001, higher quality diet 148,142, lower quality diet 148,143, adjusted, model 3, high vs. low hPDI, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards.
|
risk of case, 18.0% lower, HR 0.82, p < 0.001, higher quality diet 148,142, lower quality diet 148,143, adjusted, model 3, high vs. low hPDI, PCR+, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards.
|
risk of case, 9.0% lower, HR 0.91, p < 0.001, higher quality diet 148,142, lower quality diet 148,143, adjusted, model 3, high vs. low hPDI, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards.
|
Merino et al., 6/25/2021, retrospective, multiple countries, multiple regions, peer-reviewed, survey, 30 authors, study period 24 March, 2020 - 2 December, 2020.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
Kim et al., BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000272 |
m/s case, ↓72.0%, p=0.02 |
Plant-based diets, pescatarian diets and COVID-19 severity: a population-based case–control study in six countries |
Details
Retrospective healthcare workers in six countries with exposure to COVID-19 patients, showing lower risk of moderate/severe COVID-19 with plant-based diets. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
Plant-based diets, pescatarian diets and COVID-19 severity: a population-based case–control study in six countries |
Kim et al., BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health, doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000272 |
Retrospective healthcare workers in six countries with exposure to COVID-19 patients, showing lower risk of moderate/severe COVID-19 with plant-based diets.
risk of moderate/severe case, 72.0% lower, OR 0.28, p = 0.02, higher quality diet 41, lower quality diet 527, adjusted, plant-based diets, multivariable, RR approximated with OR.
|
risk of moderate/severe case, 59.0% lower, OR 0.41, p = 0.05, higher quality diet 46, lower quality diet 522, adjusted, plant-based or pescatarian diets, multivariable, RR approximated with OR.
|
risk of case, 19.0% lower, OR 0.81, p = 0.24, higher quality diet 41, lower quality diet 527, adjusted, plant-based diets, multivariable, RR approximated with OR.
|
risk of case, 23.0% lower, OR 0.77, p = 0.14, higher quality diet 46, lower quality diet 522, adjusted, plant-based or pescatarian diets, multivariable, RR approximated with OR.
|
Kim et al., 6/7/2021, retrospective, multiple countries, multiple regions, peer-reviewed, survey, 8 authors, study period 17 July, 2020 - 25 September, 2020.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
Ponzo et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu13051721 |
Mediterranean Diet and SARS-COV-2 Infection: Is There Any Association? A Proof-of-Concept Study |
Details
Retrospective 1,206 healthcare professionals in Italy, showing the risk of COVID-19 infection inversely associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
Mediterranean Diet and SARS-COV-2 Infection: Is There Any Association? A Proof-of-Concept Study |
Ponzo et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu13051721 |
Retrospective 1,206 healthcare professionals in Italy, showing the risk of COVID-19 infection inversely associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Ponzo et al., 5/19/2021, retrospective, Italy, Europe, peer-reviewed, survey, 9 authors.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|
|
PrEPPEP |
Greene et al., Frontiers in Nutrition, doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.591964 |
Negative Association Between Mediterranean Diet Adherence and COVID-19 Cases and Related Deaths in Spain and 23 OECD Countries: An Ecological Study |
Details
Analysis of 17 regions in Spain, showing an inverse association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and COVID-19 cases and mortality. |
|
Details
Source
PDF
Prophylaxis study
Prophylaxis study
|
Negative Association Between Mediterranean Diet Adherence and COVID-19 Cases and Related Deaths in Spain and 23 OECD Countries: An Ecological Study |
Greene et al., Frontiers in Nutrition, doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.591964 |
Analysis of 17 regions in Spain, showing an inverse association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and COVID-19 cases and mortality.
Greene et al., 3/5/2021, peer-reviewed, 3 authors.
|
Submit Corrections or Comments
|